Root absorption: This is the main way. The roots of plants absorb water from the soil and mineral nutrients dissolved in water through root hairs and root epidermal cells. Elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in fertilizers usually exist in the form of ions, and plants absorb these ions into root cells through active or passive transport mechanisms.

Soil is the most important material basis for high-quality and high-yield vegetables. Once the soil structure and soil tillage layer are damaged and the soil deteriorates, growing vegetables will become a tree without roots and water without a source. Not only will it be difficult to obtain high yields of vegetables, but it will also reduce the service life of the greenhouse.